The Monolithic Operational Amplifier: A Tutorial Study

A study is made of the integrated circuit operational amplifier to explain details of its behavior in a simplified and understandable manner. Included are analyses of thermal feedback effects on gain, basic relationships for bandwidth and slew rate, and a discussion of polesplitting frequency compensation. Sources of second-order bandlimiting in the amplifier are also identified and some approaches to speed and bandwidth improvement are developed. Brief sections are included on new JFET-bipolar circuitry and die area reduction techniques using transconductance reduction.

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